Saturday, December 28, 2019

Christianity s Influence On Sexuality And Gender - 889 Words

To conclude this course I have chosen to write my final research paper on Christianity’s influence on sexuality and gender. I will provide scholarly information and accounts for how Christianity has shaped our sexual behaviour as well as differing roles for males and females. From past to present the influence of Christianity has affected us worldwide; this paper presents real world examples of how Christianity has come into play with our culture, and what we can learn by how it has affected people’s identities. My first source entitled â€Å"Christianity and Sexuality in the Early Modern World: Regulating Desire† by Merry Wiesner-Hank is useful for presenting an account of how sexuality and gender was discussed in Christianity’s New Testament bible. In the letters of Paul to Jesus, Paul warned against those who opposed marriage, and also suggested that widows and widowers do not remarry. â€Å"Along with discussing acceptable and unacceptable sexual acti vities, the letters of Paul introduce a gendered and sexualized metaphor for the Christian community: the bridge of Christ. Human marriage is equated with the union between Christ and church; husbands are admonished to love their wives as Christ loved the church; and wives to be subject to their husbands as the church is subject to Christ (Ephesians 5:21-33) (Wiesner-Hank, 27). This quote presented is very important – it provides a clear illustration of the difference in expectations from the different genders in marriage under theShow MoreRelatedAn Individual’S Sexual Curiosity In And Enticement To Other1095 Words   |  5 Pagesindividuals; having stimulating feelings and experiences, speak to human sexuality. Different from sexuality, biological sex is classified through genetics, anatomy, hormones and physiology; female or male. An individual s intelligence of their own gender refers to gender identity or sociocultural classification, which is also set apart from sexuality; however, it is constructed on biological sex and shapes sexual orientation. Sexuality is practiced and displayed in several ways that include opinionsRead MoreChristianity And Homosexuality : The Way Of Thinking1395 Words   |  6 PagesSimilar to the ancient Greeks’ way of thinking, homosexuality in Christianity was considered taboo because of the way the homosexual acts (specifically sodomy) were considered to degrade one partner to the status of a female. An encyclopedia article in the Encyclopedia of Gender and Society, titled â€Å"Christianity and Homosexuality†, talks about how the way a person interprets the different lessons of the Bible can influence how they view homosexuality. Using the historical-critical way of readingRead MoreAn Analysis Of Beyond God And The Father : Toward A Philosophy Of Women s Liberatio n Essay1677 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause Eve was both created from the rib of Adam and assumed the role of temptress of the Garden that she was automatically inferior and damned for being the cause of all evil in mankind (Daly, 44-45). She then argued that because Judaism and Christianity (Believers of Adam and Eve) are both male dominated religions, instead of the story being about the two original sinners the focus was completely on Eve and how she coerced Adam to eat the apple (Daly 44-45). However, as where Daly focused on theRead MoreReligion Is A Major Source Of Gender And Sexual Inequality1614 Words   |  7 PagesReligion is a major source of gender and sexual inequality. Religion is important in society as it contributes significantly to social solidarity. However religion can also be regarded as a source of alienation in which people lose the connection with themselves and their fellow humans. Marx believed that religion can also be seen as a contributor to oppression be cause not only does it encourage meekness and passivity and deflected people from resisting suffering in this world (Van Krieken et alRead MoreGender As A Person s Identity1111 Words   |  5 PagesGender is imprinted in a person’s identity. A person’s identity is closely connected to the social institutions he or she includes himself in. These social institutions have influence over the lives of individuals in various aspects. One social institution an individual imparts oneself in is religion. Religious institutions use scriptures as the primary basis for life such as the Holy Bible for the Catholics and the Quran for the Muslims. Of the data given, some Christians and Muslim non-heterosexualsRead MoreHeterosexuals Attitudes Toward Transgender People : Finds From A National Probability Sample Of Us Adults1222 Words   |  5 Pagesword itself (Transgender) is now largely used to factor out groups of people who apparently communicate expressions and qualities relati ng to both genders, not just their own. This description given by Stryker is frequently used to label people who have, using their characteristics and actions, â€Å"crossed over†(p. 251) or switched between society-created gender norms. The modern world, as a result of this, tackles the phrase with unfriendliness, even hostility, since they feel susceptible of its non-conformityRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1664 Words   |  7 Pagescomplicated factor to evaluate given the large amount of religious practices that exist in the United States; therefore, both researchers limited results to the largest churches in the United States. Both researches included the Catholic sect of Christianity. Lewis and Gossett’s research charted a 13% increase of people in favor of same-sex marriage from 1985-2006. From 2001-16 however, support towards same-sex marriage among Catholics rose 18% where â€Å"Roughly six-in-ten Catholics (58%) now supportRead MoreEssay about Sexual Orientation1077 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion it, but it brings on many questions as to whether or not it is the truth. When the New Testament first came about, it was not immediately infused into Christian thought. The basic influence in Western Christian tradition was more of the stoic philosophy of the community in which early Christianity flourished. The stoic philosophy, which most homosexuals and heterosexuals believe in, was to live according to nature. Nature was identified with reason and to conform to reason. As expressedRead MoreThe New Queen Of Pop872 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluenced by Christianity in her family. She began singing at open mic bar nights in New York, with several small bands. Soon, she broke onto the scene, and released her album, The Fame. (â€Å"Lady Gaga†, 2010) Quickly, she grew in popularity, her music starting to influence the music industry. Through her messages in her music, fashion and statements, Lady Gaga’s illustrious music career has advanced culture and views on various issues. Lady Gaga’s music and oratories on LGBT rights and sexuality have influencedRead MoreHomosexuality Vs. Gay Marriage1805 Words   |  8 PagesHomosexuality or gay marriage is refers to the union between people of the same gender or biological sex. Homosexuality has been made legal over the years in some European countries like Belgium, Iceland, Netherlands, Spain Portugal, Sweden and Denmark among others. Among many organizations in today’s society, homosexuality has been a source of constant conflict. The most prominent disputes on the issue perhaps is within the disagreement of same sex relationships from the perspectives of the homosexuals

Friday, December 20, 2019

A Free Market Is Governed By Ethan Watters s Rent Seeking...

A free market allows businesses to compete among themselves without restrictions in hopes of encouraging competitive pricing and earning honest success. In this sense, a free market is governed almost entirely by ethics. But without restrictions, businesses can choose to collectively participate in unethical actions which would make the market corrupt and faulty. As evident in Ethan Watters The Mega-Marketing of Depression in Japan, Michael Moss The Extraordinary Science of Addictive Junk Food, and Joseph Stiglitz s Rent Seeking and the Making of an Unequal Society, [thesis: free market operates on the choice of ethics of the businesses within the market and so becomes faulty when ethics are not followed] [for example the neglection of laws, participating in anti-competitive behavior, and manipulating ethics itself]. [faulty = overpriced products, money not going to support honest companies, etc]. [neglection of laws] [the problems of blank, blank, and blank are because the companies chose not to follow the laws/exploit the loopholes in the law] Drug companies planning on selling their SSRI drugs in Japan employed many methods to sidestep the prohibitions in Japan on marketing prescription drugs directly to the consumer (Watters 524). Such methods included buying full-page ads in newspapers in the guise of recruiting test subjects (Watters 524) as well as using the Web to circumvent direct-to-consumer advertising rules (Watters 525). This neglect to

Thursday, December 12, 2019

The Constraints Of The Internal Quest Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper The masculine dismissal of a adult females # 8217 ; s quest A pursuit is a narrative that celebrates how one can cleverly and resolutely lift superior to all resistance. Yet as fresh prospectives on history now suggest, in this hunt for freedom and order, the masculine craving for escapade, demanded limitations upon adult females, coercing her into deeper parturiency, even within her limited state. Thus the rights of a adult male are separated by the anticipations of a adult female. Each subsequent narrative trades with a hunt for truth that is hidden by the frontages of societal convention. This hunt is frequently hampered by the conventions that are portion of the outside and inside sphere. For a female # 8217 ; s pursuit is best displayed in the domain of domestic life, which drastically diminishes her diverseness of action, compared to work forces who are expected to populate public, successful lives. The Homeric journey for males is a physical escapade in the external universe. Odysseus is a adult male who pursues his aim against all resistance. He perfectly garbages to give in, whatever happens to him en path for place. Constantly, he reinforces the rule that will steer him throughout his battles: # 8220 ; For if some God hitters me far out on the wine-blue H2O, I will digest it, maintaining a obstinate spirit inside of me, for already I have suffered much and done much difficult work # 8230 ; # 8221 ; ( The Odyssey 9. 12-16 ) So the hero of The Odyssey displays the multiplex ability to get the better of existences of all sorts, one after the other. Always he comes to fore as the maestro, and by his extraordinary illustriousness, leaves all others behind him. From Odysseus, the readers can larn to suppress life. But there is an issue of uncertainness within the Greek-value system, for it places far greater accent upon successful public presentations in the external universe than of interior consciousness of right and incorrect. The outside sphere pushs the hero into infinite state of affairss that are hard to digest. But Odysseus # 8220 ; rich in clever thoughts # 8221 ; and even richer # 8220 ; in devices to derive terminal # 8221 ; ( 9. 53-55 ) realizes that he is no longer free, but must be eminently tactful when necessary. The male journey is a battle entirely different than the internal universe, and the Odysseus learns to react flexibly if he is traveling to last. In contrast to the male pursuit of combat, is a adult females # 8217 ; s ocean trip of domesticity. Virginia Woolf discusses a universe where adult females have been denied external chances and accordingly become internal. For if it was so possible for all adult females to obtain A Room of One # 8217 ; s Own, they excessively, would hold the chance for cultured, artistic, endowment. # 8220 ; For adult females have sat indoors, all these million of old ages # 8230 ; for this originative power differs greatly from the originative power of work forces. And one must reason that it would be a 1000 pities if it were hindered or wasted # 8230 ; . for there is nil to take its topographic point ( 87 ) . All of her life, Woolf struggles with this unhappiness that threatens to overpower and annihilate her. In many ways, her ideas are an effort to dispute the unearned privileges of work forces who are permitted to research the outside universe. Furthermore, in contrast to the universe of nature, is another symbol of domesticity in the cloistered and confined place for Louise Mallard. In her ain room, she looks through the unfastened window. Mrs. Mallard so has what Woolf stresses is so of import, yet it is merely a impermanent and finally deficient safety. She leaves it as she must, to rejoin her sister downstairs, and in unlocking the door, she paradoxically confines herself to the prison of her ain place. Now decease is her lone redemption. Alternatively of # 8220 ; surging free like the birds # 8221 ; ( The Story of An Hour 31 ) , Louise escapes the lone manner unfastened to her. But this adult females, similar to so many Os f her clip, is an untypical heroine, and her escapades, are contrary to the typical male heroic. Consequently, this epoch of inhibitory spirit provided stuff for female writers to discourse the choler that has been sealed off by work forces. By the terminal of the 18th century, the novel came to be seen as a powerful educational tool for immature adult females. Woven into the narration of Virginia Woolf # 8217 ; s internal experiences are the togss of her remarks on a adult females # 8217 ; s external capablenesss. # 8220 ; I thought about how unpleasant it is to be locked out, and I thought about how worse it is worse possibly to be locked in ( A Room of One # 8217 ; s Own 25 ) . In this important transition, Woolf emphasizes her prescription for alteration: she prophecies that although work forces are the beginnings of power in society, they are highly threatened by the outgrowth of female authors in their subjects, for merely so will the truth surface. She looks frontward to the aureate age when adult females will hold what # 8220 ; # 8230 ; so long has been denied to them # 8211 ; leisure and money, and a room to themselves # 8221 ; ( 27 ) . Furthermore, Woolf congratulationss and admires Jane Austen, for her gift of authorship and her fortunes match eachother wholly. But in peculiarly, if Jane Austen suffered in any manner, Woolf suggests that # 8220 ; # 8230 ; it was the narrowness of life that was imposed upon her. It was impossible for a adult females to travel about entirely # 8230 ; What mastermind, what unity it mush have required in face of all that unfavorable judgment, in the thick of that strictly patriarchal society, to keep fast to the thing as she saw it without shriveling # 8221 ; ( 75 ) . Jane did endure and shattered all the unfavorable judgment that undermined her composing. She looked at her Judgess and laughed at them, and continued to compose. Austen understood that it is merely in the novel # 8220 ; # 8230 ; in which the greatest powers of the head are displayed, in which the most thorough cognition of human nature, the happiest word picture of its assortments, the liveliest gushs of humor and wit, are conveyed to the universe in the best chosen linguistic communication # 8221 ; ( Northanger Abbey 502 ) . So although the predating narratives may be a battlecry, there is a great trade of disguised autobiography of the writer # 8217 ; s ain experiences in the internal kingdom. Behind their protective masks of sarcasm, Austen and Woolf are trying to make a spirit into the novel by changing the established values of what it means to be a adult female in patriarchal society. Their first beginning are their narratives as foreigners, females who have been taught from birth that adult females must fight for their function as foreigners. Their concluding beginning, one that has shaped future coevalss, is to oppose the societal myths embedded among society, and to get away the life in a fringy state by composing literature and allowing the truth be known. These narratives, like all good narratives, are more than merely sharing an experience. Each one touches the audience, making bantam epiphanies for the reader. The Odyssey, A Room Of One # 8217 ; s Own, and Northanger Abbey are novels of instruction. Their schoolrooms are locales where the characters, who are the inexperienced and easy misled, are put through the trial of self-definition and realisation. Yet in some unspecified manner, a adult females # 8217 ; s segregation was presumed to compensate for a adult male # 8217 ; s spread outing existences in the outside universe. Thus the rights of a adult male are separated by the anticipations of a adult females. A female # 8217 ; s pursuit is best displayed in the domain of domestic life, which drastically diminishes her diverseness of action, compared to work forces who were expected to populate public, successful lives. Hence the existent battle, the most intensive of escapades, is to rupture the pretense of foreigner. Therefore we may larn a fresh regard for bravery and why so much is necessary. Merely so can we appreciate how gallant, how witty and yet how compassionate that pursuit was.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Challenges Faced By Entrepreneurs free essay sample

Basically an entrepreneur can be regarded as a person who has the initiative, skill and motivation to set up a business or an enterprise of his own and who always looks for high achievement. He is a catalyst of social change and works for the common good. He looks for opportunities, identifies them and seizes them mainly for economic gains. An entrepreneur is a person who is able to express and execute the urge, skill; motivation and innovative ability to establish a business or industry of his own either alone or in collaboration with his friends.His motive is to earn profit through the production or distribution of socially beneficial goods or services. He is enriched with the inborn qualities of adventurism, willingness to face risks, innovative urge and creativity and is eager to make dynamic hangs in the production process, introduce innovations and to find out new uses for raw materials. But now there is so many challenges faced by new entrepreneurs i. E. Lack of patience in solving problems, lack of sustained motivation, Inability to dream and use subconscious etc. In addition to this the other challenges includes; developing vision and ideas, raising capital, assembling a team, finding the right location, finding the right employees, finding good customers, overcoming competition, unforeseen challenges and expenses, keeping up with industrial changes and trends and exiting the business.Introduction Giant freshwater prawn (Macrobiotic An entrepreneur is an economic leader who possesses the ability to recognize purport n ties the successful introduction of a new product, new sources of supply, new technique of production etc and who assembled the necessary resources and organizes them into a going 71 concern. An entrepreneur is a person who finds out and evaluates a new situation in his environment and directs the making of such adjustments in the economic system as he deems necessary.He always searches for change, responds to it and exploits it as an opportunity. Innovation is the specific LOL of entrepreneurs, the means by which they exploit change as an opportunity for a different business or service. An entrepreneur is one who organizes, operates and assumes the risk of a business venture. The intensity of the challenge to promote an entrepreneurship culture as well as to evolve new enterprises in a sustainable and competitive fashion varies between countries.Starting a business and becoming an entrepreneur is exciting it is also terrifying. While starting a new business entrepreneurs face so many challenges; such as instability, stress, negative mindset, overwhelming feelings, jack of support, feelings of wanting to give up, growing a business, problems of raw material, problems relating to marketing, outdated technology, lack of infrastructural facilities, lack of skilled labors etc. In order to conduct an efficient business an entrepreneur must overcome challenges.The main objectives of the study are to identify the challenges faced by the new entrepreneurs and to analyze the measures to overcome them. Particular with regard to access to finance. All entrepreneurs will at some point feel overwhelmed with many responsibilities that fall on their shoulders. The common challenges faced by entrepreneurs are Overestimating Success, Misplaced purpose,. Negative Mindset, Poor Organization,. Jack of All Trades, Employee Motivation, Lack of Support.The World Bank report presents the results off survey of micro, small and medium companies in Georgia, and analyzes factors that inhibit growth of entrepreneurial and innovative activity of Georgian firms. Seems name difficulties in access to finance, especially for start-up companies, deficient knowledge and technology transfer, limited skills, absence of special Government program in support of entrepreneurship and innovation among key actors that constrain their growth and development. The World Bank report provides selected recommendations aimed at enhancing entrepreneurial culture and fostering innovative entrepreneurship. Private sector creates 9 out of 10 jobs in the global economy. Therefore, creation of attractive investment climate and conducive business environment for new business entries and growth of private sector is paramount for sustainable economic growth of the country and poverty reduction.In Georgia, however, the share of small and medium businesses in GAP remains small at less than 20 percent of GAP and is much rower as compared to many countries in the neighborhood (like Armenia where SEEM contributes 42 percent to GAP) or in Europe and Central Asia region, with an average 60 percent share of SEEM in GAP. According to the World Bank 2013 study Fostering Entrepreneurship Georgia, Georgian innovative firms create 30% more jobs and are much more competitive in the domestic and global markets than non-innovative firms.Database and methodology The st udy is based on secondary data. The secondary data required for the studies were collected from various books and publications related to the topic under study. Entrepreneurs have to face numerous challenges on the road to success, in 72 Therefore, fostering growth of entrepreneurship and creating environment for scaling up and rapid growth of innovative and more productive firms should become one of the key priorities of the country s development goals.Similar to many countries in the ACE region and in particular, EX. member countries, the government of Georgia jointly with the private sector can facilitate entrepreneurial by raising importance of entrepreneurship, improving the general business environment, increasing access to markets, information and supporting skills placement, facilitating access to finance and creating special instruments and institutions to encourage innovation, Increase firm-level research development centralization, facilitate knowledge and technological spillovers to increase firm-level productivity.The following were the important challenges faced by new entrepreneurs. Opportunity into a business idea. This as a business challenge because the process of transforming problems into business opportunities is like trying to turn lead into gold. The entrepreneurial process of Creating Value out of nothing ; a process that brings innovative products into existence. Below is an illustration of how the process goes. Identifying problem > seeing opportunity in the problem > Coming up with a solution > Forging the opportunity into a business idea > Integrating the solution into a business plan.Developing a vision is definitely a business challenge because an entrepreneur must sometimes assume the role of a sorcerer.. Most individuals are comfortable with the present way of doing things but it is the duty of an entrepreneur to envision and forecast the future. An entrepreneur must always be ahead of his time or else he will lose his relevance. It is the duty of an entrepreneur to bring into present what is yet to be. It is also the duty of an entrepreneur to bring solutions to other people s problems.In the late ass and early ass, while IBM saw increase in demand for their mainframe computers, Steve Jobs envisioned a personal computer in every home and Bill Gates envisioned the need for easy to use software for personal computers. That single vision made Bill Gates the richest man in the world and Steve Jobs the most famous business person of the 21st century. A good businessman must have nose for business the same way a journalist has SSE for news. A good businessman sees where others don t see. 1. Developing the Vision and Business Idea To have a great idea, have a lot of them. And There is far more opportunity than there is ability. Thomas Edison Developing a business idea is usually the first challenge faced by every entrepreneur when starting a business from scratch. Finding the right business opportunity or creatively developing an idea is certainly not an easy task. Envisioning the idea the first true task of an entrepreneur. An entrepreneur must possess the ability to see what others cannot see. While others see robbers, an entrepreneur must see opportunities. But seeing opportunities is just the beginning. The main business challenge is going to be the ability to forge that 2. Raising Capital for Startup After developing an idea, the next challenge that the entrepreneurs are going 73 to face when starting a business from scratch is that of raising capital. An entrepreneur is the only one that knows business idea to the core. Trying to convince investors about something that doses t exist is definitely a challenge. Trying to make them understand that they are trustworthy and equal to the task is not hill s play especially when building the first business.As an entrepreneur bound to have strengths and weaknesses. That is the more reason an entrepreneur needs a business team to cover up or compliment their weaknesses. A team is a necessity for building a successful business. It s the duty of an entrepreneur to make sure that their team sees the future as the entrepreneur see. They must believe in possibilities and must also be passionate about making that possibility a reality. If they can t grasp the vision, if they can t see the future with business, then they are not worthy being equines team.An efficient strategic business team should comprise as banker, financial adviser, accountant, attorney or legal adviser and any other specialist that will be of tremendous impact to the There is more to raising capital than just simply asking for money. Most investors want to invest in already established businesses with minimal risk and they want to be sure that they get returns for the risk they took. Most brilliant business ideas never scale through the venture capital stage because the entrepreneur is either not prepared or lacks what it takes to raise the needed capital. To overcome the challenge of raising capital, an entrepreneur must develop the ability to sell their idea and vision to potential investors.. In the game have a good story to tell; backed by a strong business plan and good persuasion skills. 4. Finding the Right Business Location Finding a good business location at the right place is definitely not easy. An efficient location that has a rapidly growing population, good road network and other amenities at a good place 5. Finding Good Employees 3. Assembling a Business Team Most writers and managers crank up the process of finding good employees as an ass task.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

7 tips to not letting work take over your life

7 tips to not letting work take over your life In this age of leaning in and working whatever hours it takes to get ahead, it can be increasingly easy to forget to take time for yourself. Doing anything but work can actually seem like laziness or self-indulgence- especially when it looks like everyone else is still working furiously while you’ve taken off for the day. However, burnout is real. If you’re not operating at full capacity because you’re mentally and physically exhausted, your work and personal life will suffer. The key is to find a  good balance between your hard work and your outside life. Here are a few strategies on how to do just that.1. Keep one day meeting-free.Lots of companies establish one day a week as â€Å"meeting-free,† where no one is allowed to schedule any kind of mandatory group gathering. If your company doesn’t do this, suggest it to your manager. Setting aside one work day that’s just for you to actually work will do wonders for your productivity. Youâ₠¬â„¢ll get more done during the day and take home less work (and stress) at night.2. Work from home if possible.If telecommuting is an option for you at your job, take advantage of it. If it isn’t yet, have a conversation with your boss. Even one day or half day a week can help keep you grounded and give you that little bit of extra space that keeps you centered.3. Protect your time away from the office.If you do have to take work home, make sure you set strict time limits for yourself, so it doesn’t eat up all of your out-of-office time. Triage the important stuff. Respond only to the most critical emails, then leave the rest for when you’re back at your desk. And unless it’s truly an emergency, try to make it a policy not to respond to work emails at all over the weekends. Your weekend time is your own.4. Fit in exercise.Build this into your work day, with something as simple as a half-hour walk during your lunch break. If that isn’t possible, bu ild an hour or two a week into your weekly routine. Exercise will keep you healthy, sharp, young, and full of endorphins. You can’t really afford not to find the time, so go ahead and make sure you do- your body and your brain will thank you. Taking care of your body takes care of so much else.5. Make family a priority.The people you love and who love you in your life aren’t expendable, and your job should know that. If emergencies come up, show up. Make time to be there for the people that you love as a rule, not as an exception.6. Take vacation.Seriously. Vacation and personal time exist for a reason. Take every day you are allowed. You’re supposed to use these days, and you (and your boss) will be glad you did. Your work and attitude will definitely improve after taking a break.7. Schedule blank time.Instead of scheduling yourself to the gills, from your alarm going off in the morning until bedtime, make sure you block off time in your schedule when you donâ €™t have anything to do- not even family obligations or doctors appointments. Let your brain really an truly relax,  and it will stay sharp and creative.You might not be able to give yourself a full half-hour or hour every day, but you can try. Even just twenty minutes to sit quietly and meditate or take a walk can make all the difference in your attitude and your health.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Perception in advertising essays

Perception in advertising essays After working in the sales market for three years you begin to recognize certain things about your customers. You realize that your mood can affect their buying habits and how the attitudes can affect how you approach a prospective sale. If a person comes in showing that they have no idea about your market, you have to take the time to basically introduce them to your product. You tell them the advantages and disadvantages that your product offers. If they come in having knowledge of your product, you ask them to tell you what they already know and then correct them if there is anything they have been misinformed about. You have to make sure that what you offer for information is something they need and then move on with the sale. Over the past few months somthing new has presented itself that at first seemed rather surprising. When our company got bought out we were given new red shirts as part of our uniform. Our old company had provided white shirts. No big deal? Our company has told us that we can wear whatever we want to work as long as it is presentable. What I have noticed is the days I wear my red shirt to work, sales seem easier to make! As I have not had the time to run a personal experiment to see if shirt color (which would be my independent variable), affects the number of sales in a given day (the dependent variable), I decided that I would look to see if color in fact can affect a persons motive to buy. Eric Johnson, who is the head of Research Studies for the Chicago-based Institute of Color Research says that their research explains that when eyes see red, the pituitary gland sends out signals that make the heart beat faster, the blood pressure increase, and the muscles tenseall physiologic changes that can lead to the consummation of a purchase (Tufts). Davis Masten of Cheskin + Masten/Image Net sat that packaging of products is done to reflect what consumers want to be, not what they rea...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Enzyme Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Enzyme Activity - Essay Example This helps in enhancing the lively activities of the living beings. The free radical formation is an important cause in causing and increasing a disease. The enzymes that act as scavengers and remove ROS can help in preventive methods of some critical diseases. The investigations regarding the enzymes that are critical for the bacterial existence provide information about physiology of microbes. The understanding of cell metabolism, evolution of bacteria and the interactions between bacterium and host can be enhanced. With this information it is possible to explain the mechanisms that regulate the organism and to find out the proteins that are necessary of existence of the cell. According to Brendan Burns, George Mendz and Stuart Hazell in the case of CAA the resonances arising from -CH and -CH2 groups of the aspartate moiety have chemical shifts and coupling constants different from those of the amino acid aspartate. Thus, it was possible to make an unambiguous assignment of CAA.2 The investigations in other enzymes lack this type of identification in case of complex activities. Regarding the results related to the study of enzymes in H Pylori the NMR method will give good results when combined with radio active tracer analysis and spectrophotometry. The activity of the enzyme in the development of H pylori is useful in developing therapeutic drugs as it was found essential for existence and growth of H Pylori. The above activity was related to the enzyme investigation regarding the existence of disease causing bacteria. There are number of enzymes with varying activities. Some enzymes even effect the skeletal in animals (as well as in human beings). These activities are studied to solve the problems regarding the muscle problems. After the structure (skeleton) of the human body the muscle is the thing, which contributes strength and movement for it. The enzymes, which affect the fibre and the muscle, play an important role in developing methods to increase or preserve the efficiency of the muscle fibre. There are 3 types of fibres according to P. D. Gollnick, R.B. Armstrong, C.W.Saubertiv, K. Piehl, and B. Stalin (1972). These fibres are interconvertibility depends on the training given. The training proved to increase red muscle at the expense of white muscle. This means that the enzyme activity was changed due to training as the enzymes acting in the existence of red and white muscles are different. FIG. 1. Serial sections from vastus lateralis muscle stained for DPNH-diaphorase (lop) and rnyosin ATPase (boltom) from four sub- jects. A and B: untrained middle-aged subject (BA). Note relatively large fibers and light DPNH-diaphorase stain in both FT and

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Love and Acceptance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Love and Acceptance - Essay Example Examining the importance of this in Morrison through â€Å"The Bluest Eye,† â€Å"Songs of Solomon,† â€Å"Beloved† and â€Å"A Mercy,† are able to define and change the understanding of the novels and how this relates to the several angles that are associated with love and acceptance, specifically with the internal perceptions, relations to the external environment and others and the responses which are given by individual characters. The Overlapping Theme of Love in Morrison The concept of love is one which is found in most of Morrison’s novels and is one of the overlapping themes that continue to be explored. The theme which Morrison follows is one which combines the actions one takes for love as well as the perceptions of love which are attributed to different characters. The belief that is created when looking at the various novels is that the expression and perception of love is dependent on the character, background and the circumstances whic h are surrounding a given situation. The concept which Morrison carries with her personal philosophy is to develop an understanding of how each of the characters would perceive love as a central theme in their lives. When asked about the notion of love in the characters, Morrison states â€Å"With a character, I do what an actress does: I get inside, I try to see what it looks like and how they feel and let them do what I think they’d do. At the moment I’m writing, I love all of that, I love them†¦You just write what you think is your truth. Everybody isn’t everybody† (Morrison, Guthrie, 71-72). ... The changing ideology of love and acceptance then comes from Morrison’s examination of the character acceptance and flaws within each of the novels. The approach which Morrison takes is one which becomes important because the concept of love and acceptance is no longer limited and is only expressed by each of the characters. There is the ability for Morrison to change this ideology into the rejection of love, projection of dysfunctions or with the loss of romantic love. This is done with the sense of investigation and how other environmental issues and concepts relate to love and acceptance. The background of Morrison is one which incorporates an investigation of concepts such as culture, definitions of love in society and other associations with her investigation of love, specifically to show how these elements change the perspective of being in love. It is noted that this comes from Morrison’s background as an African – American living in the south and seeing t he divisions and questions about identity that were a part of the lifestyle. The works which she created then questioned the ideas of culture and identity and how this led to different perceptions of love or the absence of it, dependent on the perceptions of the character. â€Å"All the books are questions for me. I write them because I don’t know something in there I really did not understand: what is the problem between a pair of lovers who really love one another but are culturally different?... How can you manage to love another person under these circumstances if your culture, your class, your education are that different† (Morrison, Guthrie, 270). The main ideology which Morrison

Monday, November 18, 2019

Connection between language,culture and identity Essay

Connection between language,culture and identity - Essay Example d accent, be the words written or in an electronic form, however in Hall’s view â€Å"Language is one of the ‘media’ through which thoughts, ideas and feelings are represented in a Culture† (Hall, 1968, p. 1), which is true since language is the only mode of transportation in a culture and for these thoughts and ideas to be transported from one person to another it is necessary that the individuals or people between whom thoughts have to be transported speak and understand the same language thus enabling them to decipher each other’s thoughts, feelings and ideas. When we discuss language as the only means of transportation of thoughts and feelings from one person to another we not only speak of words spoken or written but also of symbols and signs and any other means which we classify into one word ‘language’ to simplify things a bit. Hence language is a mode of representation; this representation may be in any form, including symbols, w ords, sounds, musical notes, body language or facial expressions. As Stuart Hall explains about the relation between language and representation; insisting that languages ‘utilise’ representation and are in fact methods of representation which, not only in written form or through dialogue, help in expressing ourselves be it an idea or a feeling. Hall further debates that all of the languages function on similar elements feeding their own creation by the need of people to express and communicate. Therefore all our actions or gestures represent something and ‘language’ is what delivers that representation though the case may be that a particular language delivers the representation of a particular culture. Moreover Hall points out that apart from us people, industries such as fashion industries also use representation through clothing and hence a language to express their ideas, but what factor it is that gives ‘meaning’ to these ideas and though ts and even to people and language? Hall clarifies that;

Friday, November 15, 2019

The Courier And Parcel Service Companies Marketing Essay

The Courier And Parcel Service Companies Marketing Essay The customers groups presented in figure 1 have similar requirements from their carious, such as fast shipments, low costs and high quality. However, they may differ in many ways, for example frequent demand and size of shipments. To compete in the global market, UPS provides to all their customers the most trustworthy and professional solutions in distribution and logistics. To better enhance their customers satisfaction, Courier companies has created value for their shareholders and sharing responsibility for their world. To provide real update system that track customers shipment, united parcel service for example has implemented UPSNET systems that keep tracking the shipment for long distance (around 500,000 miles) as well as satellite tracking that tracks thousands of packages in daily basis day and connect roughly 1.300 united parcel service distribution plants in 46 different nations. Furthermore, courier companies have focusing on keep benefits for their customers by placing increasing emphasis on the faster service, accuracy and timed delivery together with some ability to their customers to track packages. Responding to their customers needs, a parcel service company has recently adapted new technology namely; Delivery Information Acquisition Device (DIAD), (a custom-built electronic data collector). By adapting this new technology, courier and parcel service companies have are currently capture both delivery information and customers signatures. This data then entered into the DIAD and transmitted over the cellular network through telephones. DIAD system that has recently implemented provides the following benefits for the customers of courier and parcel service companies: Direct access to customers delivery information (more than five million for parcel service packages daily). Customers can track their shipment by phone mobile; customer shipments can be given real-time information on delivery status. A high degree of reliability as a result of the services redundancies and backup systems. The customer services at courier and parcel service companies always provides customers with all information that they need, exactly time about shipment arrives and who has received it is the most important information customers want to know. With many advance technologies adapted, courier and parcel service companies offers truly superlative service, both to merchants and to their customers, and can deliver to any part of the world. To better satisfy customers, courier and parcel service companies focus on certainty, safety and punctuality. Courier and parcel service companies always focus on satisfying our customers in term of politeness and manners of our staff. Furthermore, to provide benefits to its customers, courier and parcel service companies have committed to environmental improvements in all of its express packaging paperboard and plastic envelopes, and corrugated boxes and tubes. Most notably, courier and parcel service companies have removed all fiber from its packages and significantly increased the recycled material content that does not harm the environment (www.edf.org). Courier and parcel service companies understand the customers demand of less environment pollutions materials, the new improvements has made by couriers firms while maintaining or improving cost-competitiveness, customer friendliness, aesthetic attributes and functionality. We can say that courier and parcel service companies improved packaging has significantly lower environmental impacts, consuming fewer raw materials, water and energy during manufacturing, emitting less water and air pollution, and generating less solid waste, both in production and disposa l after use. Courier and parcel service companies understand that their customers differ in their demand. For targeted customers, including lawyers, mortgage brokers, and environmentally driven purchasers, the reusable envelope offers specific business benefits by facilitating document returns. This expanded service option of being able to use the just-received package as the return package has already enabled Courier and parcel service companies to capture new corporate accounts and attract new business from its competitors. Additional market gains are likely from packaging that has redesigned with the customers needs in mind, resulting in the introduction of several innovative changes that promote ease of use and enhanced functionality. These customer benefits can increase brand loyalty. The environmental leadership of courier and parcel service companies can support their overall brand equity and reputation with customers. Finally, one key benefit that courier and parcel service companies provide to their customers is the easy accessibility and use of their webpage. Courier and parcel service companies have taken the advantage to launch online services and applications before any of its competitors have. The Internet has enabled these firms to offer more services and do business directly with a greater number of customers. The website of courier firms also lets customers to check shipping rates worldwide and verify proof of delivery. 2. Discuses the challenges to TNT created by the specific characteristics of services TNT Express Services is a leading business-to-business express delivery company. TNTs aims to exceed their customers expectations through effective and efficient delivering of their goods and documents around the world. TNT always provides add-value to their clients by providing the most reliable and competent solutions through delivery networks. Figure 2 show the domestic and international market leader. Figure 2: Domestic and international market leader, Top 5 countries: 100%= Euro 13 Billion Source: http://group.tnt.com With all, successfully history that TNT has gained, the recent market researches indicates many challenges to TNT as well as other courier companies to meet its mission and objectives. Studies reported an increasing level of uncertainty is facing courier future market. These studies raise the concern about rising costs that may not be offset by price increases as of the completive nature of the market place. Increases the volume of sales via the internet expected to influence TNT as well as other courier services business, as they continued to be the distributor of choice for many sales companies, also shipping that is more international was being seen as trade liberalized around the world and the economies of developing countries improved. Furthermore, there is growing consensus between socialites, business forms and politicians about the climate change that harm the environment. The increasing levels of carbon (CO2) in the air because of fiber and plastic materials are trapping more heat, thus increasing global temperatures. The global worming phenomenon will give rise to all sorts of measures and regulations that try to decrease the CO2 emissions around the globe. On difficult situation, that TNT faced is to responded to this challenge by replacing plastic materials with more environment friendly and recycle materials. TNT realized that demographic trends are changing and creating challenges in the composition of the population across the world. For example, studies explain that Western European countries expected that between 20 per cent and 25 per cent of the population be above the age of sixty-five year old by 2020, while individual will live increasingly in cities with more than five million inhabitants, posing significant distribution challenges to TNT as well as other carious services (http://group.tnt.com). Because of the elderly population, expenditure of healthcare will dramatically increase. TNT realized that this trend have several implications for their transport and distribution chancels, such as growth of healthcare product flows, an increasing demand for consumer distribution networks, and possibly more challenges in attracting and retaining staff. One of the most challenges that TNT face is the mergers and acquisitions that would continue in order to remain competitive. TNT as well as other firms continues to collaborate with courier firms to increase their services in the face of declines in the volume of letter mail. More recently, TNT has signed up fifty new partners in 2005. However, it announced recently that it would no longer develop new partners. As result of this great challenge, TNT has stopped some regional development programs. TNT has improved and better developed its structure and merged its international and domestic courier services. Nowadays, TNTs courier services cater mainly to multinationals, which offers them both global and local courier services (http://www.knowledgeatwharton.com). To responds to mergers and acquisitions challenges, TNT has acquired in China, India and Brazil, and they have to work very hard to be able to meet up TNTs standards within three years after the acquisition date (http://group.tnt.com). One more challenge is the subcontractors of TNT Corporation. Subcontractors are involved in a substantial part of TNTs revenues, yet for many of them implementation of TNTs standards could be a burden because of the limited size of their operations or cost issues. Moreover, one challenge that persists in carious industries is the healthy and safety issue. For example, TNT faced numerous of health and safety regulations in the countries in which it operates. While their customers stress on the safety of their shipments, TNT executive is committed to enhance the safety by implementing best practices in safety management, processes, systems, tools and training. To response to this challenge, The Board of Management at TNT has provided adequate assets and has established quantifiable objectives and targets to maintain and continually improve TNTs health and safety performance. 3. Explain why customer care is a vital part of TNTs strategy in this competitive industry Improving Customers satisfaction is a key strategy for TNT to better enhance its competitive position in the global market as the leading business-to-business express delivery company in the world. Understanding customers needs and wants will improve TNT business and then increasing profits. To better understand customers, TNT has but various standards that primary developed from their customers feedbacks. It is a sign of TNTs commitment that it only measures where it has exceeded, rather than just met, customer expectations. TNT attempts to measure their customer satisfaction levels once every quarter, the results of the 2009 Customer Loyalty Measurement (CLM) Survey clearly indicate the steadily growth across all aspects of their business (http://www.tnt.com). TNT effortful seeks to be a firm that knows its customers and that responds to them with the best products and services that suite them. The only way to achieve this is to measure their customer satisfaction. TNT believes that constantly measuring customer satisfaction empty a sustainable competitive advantage, as no rivals firms could replicate the insight and the experiences that TNT has of its customers. As part of its strategy, TNT treats its customers in a friendly and professional, while it focused on improvement wherever possible. The two focuses believed to enhance TNT customers locality, and thus profitability. Twice a year, TNT measures their customer satisfaction and loyalty, which reaching at least 60% of the trading account base, covering all customer sizes from global to small and customers, and covering all lines of business. The measurement relates to the key customer satisfaction drivers as stated by customers in customer forums. Satisfaction measured for each key tr ansaction component from the booking through to the invoicing process and analyzed independently with an external specialist provider. Added to paper survey TNT distributed to all their customers, by the call centre department, TNT conducts a customer satisfaction survey among consumers and small and medium sized enterprises served. For the larger business firms, TNT conducted an annual survey to measure their satisfaction on services provided. TNT has a method to measure their customers satisfaction. TNT calculated the final score taken by customers and taking the weight give to values and multiplying this by the score for each value. Figure 3 and 4 shows the customers satisfaction express for the final score. From TNT management point of view, this score is more relevant and reliable than the consumer score, and in addition, the other scores give virtually the same picture. Figure 3: Customer satisfaction expresses Figure 4: customer satisfaction Mail Source: http://group.tnt.com/annualreports/annualreport07/annual_report/chap-2.html As employees are internal customers, TNT develop marketing strategy that aims to instilling pride to their internal customers. To TNT, this means that all employees are valued individual and that TNT consistently enhance and supports development of their employees skills, capabilities and competencies to deliver performance and enable career development and personal growth. TNT delegates employees to go the extra mile for their customers that would enforce their company values. In return, TNT ensures that all hard workers rewarded. As part of their Human resource strategy, TNT rewards their employees performance according to market practice. TNT seeks to attract, motivate and retain the best employees who meet TNTs current and future goals and objectives. Finally, TNT focuses on customers care (e.g. employees) as part of their marketing strategies because they believe that inspiring and leading employees to a specific level of performance that gives excellent customer experience. The head-managers at TNT expected to treat all stuff with respect, integrity and motivation way, employees who work hard rewarded as well as their head-manager. This make TNT staff feel more responsible for building the comfort possible work environment and create for their team the best corporate culture that focus on performance improvement. TNT aims to similarity apply this philosophy to its subcontractors that enhance their culture of high inspiration. 4. What do you see as the main areas of competitive advantage in the future? Explain how TNT can use these to remain a market leader From my reading, I found that there are many potential competitive advantages in the future for carious industries. On of future competitive advantages is focusing on improving services through the adaption of new technology. In our dynamic business environment, TNT also should constant focus on innovation and ideas that are imperative. In future, the innovations become the product itself. It said that It does not take a production line to compete, just a good idea that makes all the difference. From my reading I found that the company who adapt the technology first achieve a competitive advantageous over the other firms. Furthermore, from my understanding, I found that couriers companies, in order to achieve competitive edge they have to distinguish their self and their name. The brand name to carious industry is very important for present and future competitive edge. TNTs thus should develop a strategy that aims to differentiate their brand name through inspiring initiatives on responsible corporate nationality. Furthermore, I believe that TNT has to make its own reputation building that sustains its future competitiveness. Today, TNT believed to be highly relevant, high-recognized brand for its customers in the Netherlands. However, I believe that outside Europe, TNT, as well as other carious brands that delivery services deemed as low-end and it is still facing insufficient differentiation. In the state of Kuwait TNT is almost unknown brand name compared to HDL, American express and Aramic. Therefore, I believe that for future competitive advantages, TNT a as well as other carious companies should better articulates what makes their brand unique, both internally as well as externally. Furthermore, to be in competitive position in future, TNT has to persist focusing on their quality and performance. Quality and high services performances should not considered as a different issue within a firm and the constant improvement philosophy has to be as an integral part of the business strategy of TNT as well as other companies in this industry. Like focusing on customers care and add value services, I believe that the quality issue thus should be incorporated into TNT corporate culture. TNT thus should interestingly focus in performance improving of their transportation services as a whole. To achieve this objective, TNT has recently shared in the Logistics and Transport Sustainability Group (LTSG) of the World Economic Forum. However, I believe that TNT should use the recommendation and directions of its stakeholder as a key for its discussions with its competitors. Future competitive position can by no means to be achieved without focusing on employees training program and education courses. I believe that training staff and motivation play a key part of achieving competitive adage to customers service performance. Employees motivation, communication, commitment and an ability to work in team should take into account when talking new staff, beside academic records and previous years of experiences. I believe that if all employees are given training courses that focus on customer care as part of their induction, this will create better corporate culture that enhance TNT goals and objectives. The key skill in a technology society is the ability to learn. With constant training of employees and personnel to changes in the industry and technology will put companies in a position to better serve their customers that are the driving force for any business. Atkinson uttered; There has to be a culture of customer care which is generated throughout the company. if you havent got the right attitude youll never get the job done successfully . (http://www.roadtransport.com) I believe that one of today as well as future competitive advantages that carious company should considered is the social responsibility. TNTs should seek to take part and share the responsibility for the world in which it operates. If TNT considered the social responsibility, they would benefits from globalization and the increase in global flows of goods that is a result. As technologies make the distances between the continents get smaller, all residents of this planet are becoming neighbors. This implies that the difficulties of the developing countries are also the problems of the developed part of the world, which make a heavy responsibility on TNT Corporation. Today, TNT is certain that any plans or actions that a firm embarks to better address a major problem can be a vital source of pride for its employees and positively influence a firm reputation. However, I believe that for future competitive edge, sharing the societies responsibility are vital factors for TNT as well as any other carious services in this industry, where success is a direct result of social engagement, their satisfaction and employees and customers trust. 5. Critique the methods use to measure customer satisfaction and levels of customer care TNT measure customer satisfaction and loyalty in quarter bases by uses various methods to measure customer satisfactions including mail, survey paper form and phone call centers. Feedback from various customers leads TNT to revise their attitude and improve their performance standards. TNT contacts with all of its customers, from multinational businesses to small and customers. In their mission, TNT stated that; We aim to always exceed customers expectations. And we encourage our people to go the extra mile. They ask their customers about many aspect of dealing with TNT services. The conventionally key performance indicator for their failures or success is the extend to which errors were minimized. I believe that this traditionally approach partially reflect the real performance of TNT, however other indicators such as, quality of shipments, speed, and employees friendliness thus should be incorporated too. TNT has established customer satisfaction unit that comprising a driver, loading bank operative salesperson, clerk and traffic office operator. The unit managed by a supervisor or an executive who prepares an action plan to enhance the progress of the action plan in monthly meetings. Furthermore, TNT has come up with a concept is calls the Perfect Transaction that help in testing performance. this measures all, the elements of delivery such as whether the consignment was collected on time, what condition it arrived in, and whether an accurate invoice was produced, TNT take 10 % of consignments and measure them at random, we believe that this gives us a good view of what is going on in the business Atkinson says. From my reading, I found that TNT customers express do not considered the question of who is quality or to be blame, their primary focus is on that the service promised and paid to be delivered in time. To better develop and enhance their services based these customers feedback, TNT prepared deliveries on be on time, this become as prime standard of performance for TNT. Weekly reports for each location showing actual. Results for all for the following outcomes were introduced and this ongoing measurement discipline continues to help refine quality of service, Deliveries on time, misrouted consignments, copy consignment notes raised and not matched with original documents, and failures to deliver on time analyzed by reason. Increasingly, TNT developed further performance indicator targets for the support processes to include their administrative and selling function. At present, TNT heavily depends on their customers feedback, which provides measures of their ability of satisfy customers. Frequent and unrelenting reporting disciplines continue to help quickly introduce improvements whenever standards are not achieved. A named individual at each depot is responsible for each key performance outcomes and staff is empowered to call on additional resources to achieve required results. From my own perspective, I believe that TNT undertaking too frequent monitoring and measuring of their customer satisfaction and loyalty. This could be disadvantageous because trends do not have time to emerge. From my experience, TNT would be better to react to customer survey results rather than looking at the bigger and longer-term picture. I believe its it is helpful, for example, to set specific improvement targets once or twice a year basis and to monitor the effectiveness of these improvements. Importantly, customer research results need to be communicated to employees so that improvements can be made. Finally, TNT would be better if they use various indicators for their success besides measuring errors. To success in the global market, TNT should focus on measuring other aspects that may have but not direct relation to their success, for example measuring employee friendliness, customer expectation toward speed, quality, and prices. Finally, I strongly recommend TNT to compare results of customers survey with various competitors in the market. TNT should not be satisfied because the result of their survey is high, but they have always to compare themselves with other market competitive. The aim of this comparisons is that TNT can better understand their weakness and strength related to the industry, which eventually enhance and improve their development.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

St. Johns Wort As A Treatment For Depression: Herbal Healer or Ineffec

St. John's Wort As A Treatment For Depression: Herbal Healer or Ineffective Alternative? This country has its share of major health issues, and Depression has remained a prominent one. With a prevalence rate of one in twenty suffering from this psychological disease in the US, (1) it is no wonder that many varying treatment options now exist for sufferers. The most common approach to treating Depression is with some form of psychotherapy coupled with prescription drugs. However, this traditional course of treatment now has the so called 'alternative' approaches to contend with. One such alternative therapy is Hypericum, an herb that is more commonly known as St. John's Wort. There is a bubbling debate between believers in the herbal treatment and non-believers (comprised mostly of doctors and researchers) who think St. John's Wort does nothing for Depression. From both sides of the debate, however, there have been some interesting findings. There is a common understanding that St. John's Wort was named after John the Baptist. Hypericum perforatum is its Latin name. St. John's Wort is a naturally occurring plant characterized by its black-spotted yellow flowers. Historically it has been hailed as an effective treatment for an array of ailments, including digestive disorders, lung ailments, skin abrasions, and as a general inducer of state of 'well being'. From its supporting side, the argument is that St. John's Wort should be treated as comparable to prescription antidepressants and as just another available option for the millions who are depressed in this country. Supporters often site the fact that German doctors endorse millions of doses of the herb daily, and elsewhere in Europe, the medical community readily ack... ...cription", mixing herbs with prescription drugs For More Information: http://my.webmd.com/content/article/13/1668_50209 7) Newsweek article "A Natural Mood Booster", treating Depression with St. John's Wort http://www.iherb.com/iherb/newmay519nat.html 8) National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), "Information About St. John's Wort" page http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/stjohnswort.cfm 9) National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine , St. John's Wort Fact Sheet http://nccam.nih.gov/nccam/fcp/factsheets/stjohnswort/stjohnswort.htm 10) National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine , St. John's Wort Q & A http://nccam.nih.gov/ne/press-releases/stjohnswort/q-and-a.htm 11) Health World Online , index of articles on Depression and herbal remedies http://www.healthy.net/asp/templates/condition.asp?ConditionId=90

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Business Strategy of British Airways

According to the Annual Report, 2009, the main strategic intent of the BA this year is to become ‘the world’s leading global premium airline’. A few main strategies of British Airways are identified; firstly, BA want to ensure that customers receive unique premium service whenever they fly with BA and no matter where they are, for example, they would like to improve the Terminal 5’s facilities and other lounges in different airports. Secondly, new produced will be launched, such as new aircraft, upgrade long haul’s flight business class seats and redesign First class cabin. Lastly, BA wants to work closely with BAA in order to improve baggage and punctuality at Heathrow Airport and to keep up their good reputation among customer, and continue being the leading airline in London (BA Annual Report, 2009). British Airway External Environment Analysis Porter’s Five Forces In order to have a well – planned development of organisation future strategy, it is crucial to analysis the competitions within the industry, which may be threaten to the business. Porter (1980) developed a framework and proposed five forces that may affect the degree of competition with other competitors. These five forces are the threat of new entrants to the industry; the threat of substitute products; the power of buyers or customers; the power of supplier and rivalry among businesses in the industry (Johnson, Scholes, Whittington, 2008). Rivalry among competitors Competitive Rivalry BA is facing a very high competitive rivalry, as recent years, higher competition among the short haul flights, budget airline such as Easyjet and Ryanair have been very popular, the old- established airlines such as Virgin Atlantic and Cathy Pacific have also been in a high market competition, according to Shaw (2004), they almost used the same models of aircrafts. Also the government has a strict control on the frequencies and the timing of the flight slot, and also strict pricing policy. Therefore, reputation of the airlines becomes more important for the customers to be loyal.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Background and Prediction Essay Example

Background and Prediction Essay Example Background and Prediction Essay Background and Prediction Essay Evaporation is the process of a substance turning from its liquid form to its gaseous form. This occurs when a substance (in liquid form) is heated to a certain temperature this temperature varies between substances and is called the boiling point. What happens is that as heat is applied to the liquid the particles inside it absorb the energy from the heat and become more and more excited (they vibrate more quickly) as more heat is applied. Eventually the particles become so excited that they break free from the surface of the liquid and become vapour. Evaporation has occurred at this point.The reason a liquid becomes a gas when the particles become excited is that a gas has much weaker inter-molecular bonds than a liquid. A solid has the strongest inter-molecular bonds so that is the most difficult state of substance to manipulate.Things which could affect the speed of evaporation are:* Type of liquid;* Colour of liquid;* Colour of container;* Aperture of container.I am going to in vestigate how the type of liquid affects the speed of evaporation. I will create an experiment in order to find out.The ExperimentPlanI will pour 20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ of three different substances (ethanol, water and paraffin) into separate beakers. I will then place the three beakers into an incubator at 60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes I will remove the beakers from the incubator and pour out the liquid from each beaker into its own measuring cylinder in order to find out how much of each substance evaporated.EquipmentI will need:* Incubator;* Stopwatch;* Thermometer;* 3 measuring cylinders* 3 beakers;* Ethanol;* Paraffin;* Water.PredictionI predict that the water will evaporate the most because it has the lowest atomic mass (18) of the three substances. Paraffin will hardly evaporate, if at all, due to its huge atomic mass (632!).ResultsWaterEthanolParaffinBefore20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½After18cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½The da ta that I have collected may be inaccurate because while the beakers were in the incubator somebody tampered with the temperature control. However, there was not enough time for me to repeat the experiment and recollect all of the data so I am continuing with the data I already have. An improvement to the accuracy of the experiment would be to weigh the beakers of liquid before and after placing them in the incubator as no droplets would be lost transferring liquid between beakers.AnalysisThe results of this experiment show that ethanol evaporated the most with just 10cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ remaining after being in the incubator for 30 minutes. The water didnt evaporate as much as I expected with 18cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ left after 30 minutes. Paraffin did not evaporate at all after 30 minutes there was still 20cmà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ left in the beaker.These results partly support my prediction and partly contradict it. They support it in that as I predicted, paraffin did not evaporate at all. However, th ey contradict it in that ethanol evaporated much more than water did. I have no idea why this happened because water had a lower atomic mass than ethanol.EvaluationThe only part of my results which I expected was that of paraffin not evaporating. The results for ethanol and water surprised me as the substance with the lower atomic mass (water) did not evaporate nearly as much as the substance with the higher atomic mass (ethanol).The experiment could be improved for greater accuracy by weighing the beakers of liquid before and after they are placed into the pre-heated incubator for a set amount of time. This would prevent loss of water when transferring substances between containers.To be entirely satisfied with my data I would need to do this experiment at least three times to ensure that I had collected accurate data. I would also ensure that the actual liquid was at 60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C for 30 minutes rather than the environment into which the liquid was placed being at 60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ C for 30 minutes.

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Archimedes essays

Archimedes essays Archimedes was a Greek mathematician and scientist. He was born in Syracuse, Sicily in the year 287 B.C. He was educated in Alexandria, Egypt. Due to the lack of information about Greek mathematics, many Greek mathematicians and their works are hardly known. Archimedes is the exception. Archimedes was very preoccupied with mathematics. For instance, he often forgot to eat and bathe because of his always wanted to solve problems. He found areas and volumes of spheres, cylinders and plain shapes. He showed that the volume of a sphere is two-thirds of the volume of the smallest cylinder that can contain the sphere. Archimedes was so proud of this concept that he requested that a cylinder enclosed a sphere, with an explanation of this concept, be engraved on his grave. Archimedes also gave a method for approximating pi. He was able to estimate the value of pi between 3 10/71 and 3 1/7. Math wasnt as sophisticated enough to find out the exact pi (3.14). Archimedes was finding square roots and he found a method based on the Greek myriad for representing numbers as large as 1 followed by 80 million billion zeros. One of Archimedes accomplishments was his creation of the lever and pulley system. Archimedes proved his theory of the lever and pulley to the king by moving a ship, of the royal fleet, back into the ocean. Then, Archimedes moved the ship into the sea with only a few movements of his hand, which caused a lever and pulley device to move the ship. This story has become famous because Archimedes said, "Give me a place to stand on and I will move the earth. Another invention he invented was the Archimedean screw. This machine was built for raising water to highland areas in Egypt that could not receive water directly from the Nile River. This device is still used today for irrigation purposes even is some countries today. The most famous story of Archimedes life involves the discovery of Archimedes' Pri ...

Monday, November 4, 2019

Friedrich Nietzsche, details of more specifics below Essay

Friedrich Nietzsche, details of more specifics below - Essay Example After an encounter with the war front in Frankfurt, Nietzsche observed: â€Å"I felt for the first time that the strongest and highest Will to Life does not find expression in a miserable struggle for existence, but in a Will to War, a Will to Power, a Will to Overpower!† (Durant, 406). In the essay â€Å"on Truth and Lies in a Non-Moral Sense†, Nietzsche develops this idea of human existence and survival in relation to the concept of the deceptive nature of truth, or reality, in the time-space configuration they inhabit. The essay begins with a putative reference to the diminutive, momentary, insignificant nature of the place humans inhabit in this universe, which they ironically perceive to be a gigantic, everlasting, all-consuming one. The nature of truth, when one attempts to perceive it in a hypothetical stance that transcends the here and now is a relative one, always constructed in a subjective conceptual framework. The way in which human intellect perceives truth is never in its entirety, but rather through â€Å"illusions† and â€Å"dream images†. â€Å"[T]heir eye glides only over the surface of things and see â€Å"forms†; their feeling nowhere lead into truth, but contents itself with the reception of stimuli†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . The means through which people try to define truth is also essentially arbitrary. In the attempt to translate sense perceptions to language, the essence of truth is lost, as language is just a means of conveying received wisdom, based on conventions. Thus, Nietzsche’s apprehensive query, â€Å"Is language the adequate expression of all realities?†. All meaning that can be created with the help of language is dependent on some ultimate quality. Language in itself cannot hold truth in its entirety. According to Nietzsche, we obtain concepts like â€Å"honesty† â€Å"by overlooking what is individual and actual†, but there is the

Friday, November 1, 2019

Business Plan (3Gen Informatics) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Business Plan (3Gen Informatics) - Essay Example A business plan is often considered to be a crucial step for an entrepreneur intending to inaugurate new business venture or expand business unit to a newly located marketplace. The plan generally assists an entrepreneur towards performing various operations resulting in attaining superior competitive position in the respective industry. With this concern, this paper intends to prepare a realistic along with a practical business plan for the proposed business venture relating to computer sales and service. In order to increase the viability of the business plan concerning the above depicted business venture, the business plan s would encompass various aspects associated with the type of business. In this similar context, the plan would clearly depict the business including its offerings, sales and marketing strategies, information of management groups and their roles amid other relevant factors. Brief Overview of the Venture 3Gen Informatics is a proposed business organization which would deal with the business of computer sales and service. ... inclusive collection of selling computer systems including hardware, software and network trouble shooting for small, medium and large business industries. The services of the organization will be focused on designing and installing network systems, computer hardware along with software supports and training programs. The objective of 3Gen Informatics would be to provide individuals with wide range of services consisting of providing solutions to network problems, hardware and software upgrades, repairing hardware and many more. Thus, the initial investment will be less as the company will focus on services more rather than selling hardware components. Additionally, the company would also recruit five new members in order to accomplish its different computer sale and service related functions. Choice of Sources of Funds for Your Business with Justification Preparing an effective and valid financial plan can be duly considered as one of the major aspects for entrepreneurs to develop a n effective business plan. The financial forecast of the business plan would typically involve various major outlines of identifying different costs that are required to start and operate the overall process of the organization. An effective and authentic financial plan for a business involves various attributes such as balance sheet, cash flow and profit statement which aids in accomplishing feasible and profitable outcome from the business operations (Byrne, n.d.). In this regard, the initial investment for starting up a business would require greater initiatives from the owners or the partners. In relation to the proposed business venture, a projection of US$ 100,000 can be made in order to start up the venture including all required expenses. In this regard, a sum of US$ 60,000 would

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

US Treasury Yields Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US Treasury Yields - Essay Example High-interest rates and inflation during Carter regime discouraged investment with US long-term Treasury yield exceeding 15% and short term T-Bills yielding nearly 20%. Reagan regime restored consumer confidence, through the appointment of Paul Volcker the chair of Federal Reserve Board with his tireless effort and determination of defeating a national economic disaster bore fruits. His fruits were putting the nation into an intentional recession where money supply was tightened, which slowed down the pace of economic growth in the economy, reducing the employment. Inflation was completely abated in the year 1982. After inflation Volcker was devoted to rejuvenating the economy, one of the policies was to reduce the interest rates, this increased money in circulation within the economy that encouraged investment reduced the cost of production and cost of living taming demand-pull and cost pull inflations. Reduction in interest rates encouraged investment with long T-Bills yielding 1% and short-term T-bill yielding 4%. Federal Reserve opinion to increase the interest rates will increase the cost of capital in the economy, and a consumer will be compelled to spend extra coins on the food basket. It will also be translated to investment where due to high-interest rates the profit margins of the lenders will be reduced, moneylenders lend with an objective optimizing revenue.

Monday, October 28, 2019

Development of Movements and Its Importance in the Life of a Child Essay Example for Free

Development of Movements and Its Importance in the Life of a Child Essay The world of Man cannot be imagined without movement. Life is indicated by movement. In animal/bird/fish life we can realise that immobility is impossible. Even those classified as immovable (plant life) manifest their life by movement. The human kingdom isolates itself from other non-human living beings by their capacity to work which is possible only by directed movements. There is movement in every area of human work-personal care, care of the environment, social behaviour, intellectual work etc. When we consider the Child as part of the human family we need to consider the importance of movement in his Life and Development. Movement in the human body In the general development of the human being we can see the role of the brain, the senses and the muscles. Among these the muscles are the ones which execute the movements. These movements can be considered as voluntary when they are controlled by the brain. This control is made possible by the senses feeding the brain or intelligence with the right messages. When these capacities work in co-operation, the last stage remains with the muscles which make the movements. Movement thus becomes the last part that completes the cycle of thought says Dr. Montessori. This co-ordination creates the unique characteristic of Man namely WORK possible. Movement is a mode of human expression. Animals too express themselves by their movements. Dr. Montessori asks Can we ignore this fact in Man? Movement becomes a system of healthy relationship with Mans environment (establish, maintain and restore conditions). We see the importance of movement without which no expression is possible(sign language, body language, writing, etc). Mans aspiration at the highest level is that of spiritual perfection. Dr. Montessori asks Is that enough? Can Man be selfish? Does he not circulate his experiences and thereby express them? Movement should occupy the place of a servant of the whole life and the spiritual economy of the world. Mental life and development depends very heavily on sensesdevelopment of speech on hearing and observation and understanding depends on the sight. This co-ordination of the brain and the senses has to be made in the very beginning. Then and only then can there be any human expression. Dr. Montessori says Here is a very good reason why Nature keeps the human being very immobile during infancy; when the co-ordination starts Nature gives the human being the facility for locomotion. In a child we see movement/work as a manifestation of the development of the mind. While he acts on the direction of the intelligence there is an extension in the understanding. Scientific observation shows that intelligence is developed through movement; movement helps psychic development. Again Movement has a great contribution to offer in the conquest of language which is one of the most fundamental conquests to be made by the psyche of the child. When the child performs work it becomes a co-ordination of the brain, senses and muscles. In Man, the mechanism of grace is not evident at birth but has to be created by physical experiences working at the environment, done with co-ordination. None of this co-ordination is established at birth. But there is a wide possibility of movements. The variety of movements is immense-massive to minute (ballerinagymnast). Dr. Montessori calls it harmonised opposition. The child is endowed with the capacity or potentiality to co-ordinate these movements. Man has a great diversity in skill in action but must create it by will, subconsciously or voluntarily. The combination of the brain, the senses, and the muscles in collaboration with emotional and social development can lead one to what we term grace. The variety is created by the human being himself and therefore he can decide which ones to develop. But there is a price to pay. He has to work at it repeatedly to obtain that versatility. Because of this factor, the capacities vary from person to person. This individuality is very easily seen in the human beings. The muscles are too numerous for all to be exercised; but there is a certain number of exercises below which it is dangerous for psychical life to go on. The human being may also perish. We need to remember that, when a person trains on very large gross movements the mind also remains so. When he works on more refined movements the psychic capacity also becomes more refined. It has also been proved that the quality of possible movements of a person has a close relationship to the quality of mental capacities. Development of human movement Man shares the characteristics of mammals by having four limbs. Mammals develop all the four limbs simultaneously and according to the species the form and function vary. They are predetermined. Among the mammals Man is an example of developing the limbs two at a time. The form and the functions are different. Considering the development of the legs and feet we can see them from three different points of view. †¢ Biological Stand on two feet †¢ Physiological Balance and walk †¢ Anatomical Keeping whole feet on the ground The legs have a task of gaining and maintaining equilibrium. Biological guidance for the development of feet, to put the whole foot down in order to get the equilibrium is given by Nature. We can identify four steps in the process. SitRollStand with support (Stand without support) Walk with help (Walk without help) The logic of Nature seems to be to stand upright, walk and become steady and move to take part in the life around. This indeed is a great achievement of independence on the part of the human being but very predictable. Walking as a human conquest made by the child is proclaimed as not only an achievement made at the physical level but also as booster for the most necessary ingredient in human life and developmentself confidence and self reliance. This is recognised by the modern psychologists. It throws open varied scope for mental activities also. The other two limbs meaning the hands seem to have a different method of development. In the history of evolution we see a great landmark when the thumb starts acting against the fingers and not along the same direction as seen in earlier rungs of the ladder of evolution. Hands depend, for their development, not only on the psyche but also on the psychical life of different epoches in time in different racial groups. Intelligence of the child will reach a certain level without the use of the hand, but with it a still higher level is reached and the child who has used his hands invariably has a strong character. In the individuals development of hands we see the attempt in grasping and that grasping made as an intentional movement. †¢ 1st step Grasping prehension instinctive to conscious movements †¢ Six months Intentional movements †¢ 1st year Hands and feet exerting the maximum, Creating challenges, Imitation of characteristic movements, Making efforts to fit himself for life and independence There is nothing biological or physiological in this. Hands can perform an immense variety of movements. They are not predetermined but depend on the individual. Therefore there is every reason to believe that it has something to do with the development of the mind. Dr. Montessori would take it even to the soul or personality. The hand thus become instruments of learning and the variety in these movements depend on what activities they have opportunity to perform. Around the time the child is one-and-a-half years, the leg movement and the hand movement co-ordinate. For instance, carrying a heavy object. This is another milestone in development. Nature prompts the child to exert the maximum effort. Dr. Montessori talks at length of the study of history and ancient civilizations being made available to us only because of the work of hands which also reflects the mental height of those who created the masterpieces. Civilizationsartifacts, historical relics reveal that hands combined with the emotional lives reveal the quality of the lives of people. Hands seem to have followed the intelligence, the spirit and the emotions. Dr. Montessori says Childs intelligence can develop to certain level without the help of hands. But it raises to greater heights with hand work. The strength of character becomes conspicuously stronger. Dr. Montessori would exhort us about the misconception with regard to human movement, Educational theory thinks that people have to sit still for intellectual activity. Therefore educationists try to separate movement from thought. This even leads to alternating mental and physical activities in schools. Montessori refers to it as the coordinated work of the red and the white man as an intimate reciprocal relationship. The red man indicates the circulatory system and the white man refers to the neuro-muscular system. Maturation is a great factor in this development. The Senses gather knowledge for the intelligence and the intelligence together with the Will carries on the work with the help of the muscles. Separation of movement and thought is injurious to development. To consider strengthening the muscular capacity alone as a means of strengthening the physique can be detrimental. It would be like making a prince (muscular system) live like a slave to a shepherd(mere vegetative lifefor creating appetite or strengthening the lungs). It must become a contributory factor to mental development. Eventually it should lead to emotional and spiritual enrichment. Some thoughts about handedness: Handedness means predominant use of one hand. Two factors determine the handednessthe preference for one hand as compared to the other, the proficiency or skill with which the hand can be used. Studies of handedness has shown that at birth the child is ambidextrous Earlier it was believed that the child was born either right or left handed. It has been proved otherwise. During the first year of life the child uses both hands without any particular preference. In the second year usage of left and right is done shifting as the necessity occursfor instance the proximity or the angle in which an activity has to be performed. Between two-and-a-half and three-and-a-half years the child is ambidextrous using both hands with equal proficiency and frequency. The bilaterality is very marked at this stage. From the age of four to six years there is a preference to unilaterality or a predominant preference to using one or the other hand. Such preference can be observed in the speed, accuracy, strength and steadiness in the movements.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Good vs. Evil in John Steinbecks East of Eden :: East Eden Essays

Good vs. Evil in East of Eden "God saw that all he had created was very good. You are part of gods creation, and he is pleased with how he made you. If at times you feel worthless or of little value, remember that god made you for a good reason. You are valuable to him." ( Genesis 1:31) I believe that all things created are at first good. The Bible gives pages upon pages of quotes and stories on the battle of good versus evil, but in the story East of Eden we are given what might be the greatest question of it all, and that is if the main character Cathy a.k.a. Kate was born good or evil. Kate was born and brought up an only child. At first Kate was a normal child and no one thought anything of her. When she got a little bit older Kate began to do things other children wouldn't normally do. At one point she was caught in her Barn with two boys and her tied up. Her mother and father punished her for this and whipped her until she was good again. Kate was doing great things, she was doing things that made her look like a perfect child. One day though Kate made a plan to kill her parents by locking them in the house while she sets it on fire. Kate did this and immediately got out of town. This is when Kate made her and ended up with Adam Trask another main character. Adam fell in love with Kate and ended up marring her and moving into a ranch with her. Kate the whole time stayed silent and not very sociable. She became pregnant gave birth to twin boys. Right after the boys were born she went on a mad rampage and shot Adam in the shoulder and ran off to be a whore. She told Adam she was Evil and didn't want anything to do with him or the boys. Kate ran away to a whore house and there she tortured and blackmailed many important men in the community. These man could not stop coming back, as though she had some power over them. All the while Adam was home trying to deal with the heart break of Kate leaving and her almost killing him.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Important People of History Essay

Ancient Greece was known for many things, including great thinkers and philosophers. Many names come to mind from this period, including that of Socrates. Certainly, none are so colorful. He wrote nothing, but his impact was unmatched by others. His ideas were revolutionary, and caused enough controversy that he was finally put on trial in Athens, guaranteeing that his mark on history would be indelible. Socrates was born in 469 B. C. E. to Sophroniscus and Phaenarete. Little is known about him beyond what others wrote, since he resisted any urges to put words on paper. What is known about him comes from Aristophanes, Xenophon, and Plato, all of whom wrote about him. However, their narratives differ in some crucial ways, and so there are some things that will never be known about the enigmatic philosopher. Socrates was a firm believer in the power of the intellect. He insisted that â€Å"a man must order his life by the guidance of his own intellect,† believing that it was this above all that must be cultivated. He never hesitated in saying what he believed, and this tendency made him unpopular in many circles. However, he did not allow this to deter him from expressing these beliefs. Knowledge and truth were paramount to him, and he would not sacrifice these virtues for anything. When he was eighteen, Socrates was required to do the duty of every citizen, and this included training in the Athenian militia. He served the years that were expected of him, engaging in battle in 432 as a foot soldier to help put down a revolt. On the way home from the siege that followed, Socrates saved the life of Alcibiades during a subsequent battle near Spartolus, losing the battle. They returned to Athens in 429, where he was accused of helping the playwright Euripides to write his tragedies. Important People of History Page 2 of 5 Socrates next saw battle at Delium in 424. The Athenians saw defeat yet again, although Socrates distinguished himself once more. In another year, he was yet again immersed in battle, this time at Amphipolis. This ended in another defeat, and was also the last battle that Socrates fought. Peace was made between Athens and Sparta, and this is when Socrates could begin to concentrate in earnest on debates and discussions to pass on his ideas and beliefs. Education, democracy, and Mystery religion were key themes in this. During this time, Socrates married Xanthippe, and they would have two sons. Socrates perhaps became best known for the Socratic Method. This method was meant to help intellectuals come to correct conclusions, and it made definition the most essential point of this. In a desire to find the truth, Socrates believed that one must â€Å"require a standard of truth and an explanation of the causes of error. † The comparison of two ideas is necessary in making a judgment, and those ideas must be clear and not vague. This method lasted throughout the centuries, and is still practiced today. Socrates is also known as the founder of utilitarianism. Ethics and the process of applying his methods to them was a key interest of his, and this study led to utilitarian ideas. With this, he came to the conclusion that good is useful and â€Å"virtue is happiness. † This formed the core of his paradox, which is that men do not willingly commit wrongs, and that this is done only through ignorance. While Socrates wrote nothing, he spent a great deal of his life conversing with others. This was a major part of his Socratic method. He never attempted to teach, for he believed that he had no knowledge. He professed that he was only exceptional in the fact Important People of History Page 3 of 5 that he knew that he knew nothing. It was a goal of his to prove that popular ideas were inconsistent, and he wished to convince all to whom he spoke that their convictions could not stand up under examination. Socrates was well known for frequenting places such as marketplaces, where he would engage people in conversation. He enjoyed doing this with people of all ranks and stations, often putting off important people and gaining their animosity. His manner and lack of deference gained him many enemies; many resenting what they felt were his ridicule. There was nothing that Socrates felt was too sacred to question and criticize, and this included both religion and government. He was perhaps more agnostic than anything, and he had no compunctions about questioning and criticizing the gods. This added to feelings of animosity against him, as did the fact that he was also quite vocal against the ruling powers. It was this that was to lead to his arrest and subsequent trial, which is perhaps the pinnacle of his career. Socrates was arrested when he was seventy on charges that â€Å"he does not believe in the gods recognized by the city, but introduces strange supernatural beings; he is also guilty, because he corrupts the youth. † The political reasons were kept quiet, instead focusing on impiety, and the sentence proposed was that of death, although those who accused him had no real desire to put him to death, only to force him to leave and no longer be a thorn in their sides. However, Socrates refused to leave, instead remaining behind to face the charges against him. A life away from his interactions with the Athenians would not have suited him, and so he remained. Important People of History Page 4 of 5 Socrates faced a jury of 501 men. This jury, as all Athenian juries, would vote twice. Their first vote was on guilt or innocence, and their second vote was for the sentence. While Socrates expected that he would be convicted, he expressed surprise at â€Å"how closely the jury was split on the first and basic question. † It was a difference of six percent that would have turned the tide, acquitting him. Socrates had the chance to avoid a sentence of death once the verdict came in. It was a practice of the Athenian law system to allow the defendant to put forth another punishment, and the jury would choose between the two. However, the punishment that Socrates suggested was merely a small fine, which was so minuscule a punishment that the jury had little choice but to condemn him to death. It was not for thirty days after his trial that Socrates would meet his end. During that time, his friend Crito appealed to him to escape, but Socrates believed that the harm that would come from that would be a greater harm to the city than to allow himself to follow through with the sentence, and that it would have â€Å"brought shame on his family and friends. † Socrates did not seem to fear his death. In fact, on the day upon which he was scheduled to die, he seemed quite happy and pleasant. Death was perhaps another opportunity for him to learn and experience. He was also not alone when the end came, as his wife and younger son, as well as friends, were present. He spent his last day doing what he loved best, discussing philosophy and once more passing on his wisdom. Xanthippe was taken home before his actual death took place, leaving him with his Important People of History Page 5 of 5 friends and advising them to agree if they believed what he said was truth, and to oppose it if they did not, refusing to restrain themselves. To the end, he was determined to hold onto his ideals and beliefs, and insisted on others doing so as well. After bathing and then meeting with his family once more, he met with his executioners. He was given a glass of hemlock after having its effects explained to him. After this formality, he â€Å"cheerfully took the cup and drank. † Thus ended the life of one of the most profound leaders of philosophy. Socrates, through all of his life, lived up to the ideals and beliefs that he taught. He never compromised these, even up to the day that he died. To him, the importance of remaining true to himself and his teachings was paramount, and to do otherwise would be an injustice. He did not simply talk and hope that others learned from him; he lived by example and died by the same. His legacy proved to be quite enduring, and is still a cornerstone of philosophy to this day. His students, such as Plato, helped to preserve this and pass it on. Without Plato and others, little would be known today of Socrates. The impression he made was a lasting one, and a good example even today, encouraging people not to be afraid to question and discuss, because without these things, learning cannot be successful. Works Cited Bury, J. B. and Russell Meiggs. A History of Greece. London: Macmillan Education LTD, 1975. Nails, Debra. â€Å"Socrates. † Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 16 Sept. 2005. . Stone, I. F. The Trial of Socrates. New York: Doubleday, 1989.